Getting started with the Profiler window

To access the Unity Profiler, go to Window > Analysis > Profiler or use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+7 (Command+7 on macOS).

The ProfilerA window that helps you to optimize your game. It shows how much time is spent in the various areas of your game. For example, it can report the percentage of time spent rendering, animating or in your game logic. More info
See in Glossary records multiple areas of your application’s performance, and displays that information to you. You can use this information to make informed decisions about what you might need to optimize in your application, and to confirm that your optimizations produce the results you expect.

The Profiler records and keeps the last 300 frames of your game, and shows you detailed information about every frame. You can inspect script code, and how your application uses certain AssetsAny media or data that can be used in your game or Project. An asset may come from a file created outside of Unity, such as a 3D model, an audio file or an image. You can also create some asset types in Unity, such as an Animator Controller, an Audio Mixer or a Render Texture. More info
See in Glossary and resources that might be slowing it down. You can also compare how your application performs on different devices.

The Profiler has several different Profiler modules that you can add to your profiling session to get more information on areas such as rendering, memory, and audio.

This page covers the following topics:

• Profiler window layout
• Profiler controls
  • Deep Profiling
  • Color Blind mode
• Profiler modules
  • Profiler module overhead
  • Profiler frame charts
• Command line arguments

Profiler window layout

The Profiler window is laid out as follows:

• A: Profiler controls. Use these controls to set which device to profile from and what kind of profiling Unity should perform, navigate between frames, and start recording data.
• B: Context menu. Use this to select Color Blind mode.
• C: Profiler modules. This is a list of all the modules you can profile in your application. Use the drop-down menu at the top of this area to add modules to the window.
• D: Frame charts. This area contains charts of each module the Profiler profiles. This area is blank when you open the Profiler for the first time, and fills with information when you start profiling your application.
• E: Module details panel. The information in this area of the window changes based on the module you have selected. For instance, when you select the CPU Usage Profiler module, it contains a detailed timelineGeneric term within Unity that refers to all features, windows, editors, and components related to creating, modifying, or reusing cut-scenes, cinematics, and game-play sequences. More info
  See in Glossary and the option to switch to a Hierarchy view. When you select the Rendering Profiler module, this area displays a list of debugging information. This area is blank when you open the Profiler for the first time, and fills with information when you start profiling your application.

Profiler controls

The Profiler controls are in the toolbarA row of buttons and basic controls at the top of the Unity Editor that allows you to interact with the Editor in various ways (e.g. scaling, translation). More info
See in Glossary at the top of the Profiler window. Use these to start or stop recording profiler data, and to navigate through profiled frames.

To maintain a low overhead, Unity only redraws every fifth frame of the Editor UI. This results in a slightly stuttered update.

Deep Profiling

Usually the Profiler only profiles code timings that are explicitly wrapped in ProfilerMarkers. This includes the first call stack depth of invocations from the engine’s native code into your scripting code, such as a MonoBehaviour’s Start, Update, or similar methods.

Without adding more explicit ProfilerMarker instrumentation to your own code, the only other samples you can see as child samples of your scripting code are those that call back into Unity’s API, if that API has been instrumented. Most API calls that carry a performance overhead are instrumented. For example, accessing the main CameraA component which creates an image of a particular viewpoint in your scene. The output is either drawn to the screen or captured as a texture. More info
See in Glossary
through the Camera.main API is registered as a “FindMainCamera” sample.

When you enable the Deep Profile setting, the Profiler profiles every part of your script code and records all function calls, including at least the first call stack depth into any Unity API. This is useful information to help you work out where your code impacts on your application’s performance, but it comes with a large overhead.

When you deep profile your application, Unity injects profiler instrumentation into all of your script methods to record all function calls. This is useful to understand where your application code spends the most time. Because you need to reload the assembly to use Deep Profiling, you need to start the Players with the -deepprofiling command line argument.

Deep Profiling is resource-intensive and uses a lot of memory. As a result, your application runs significantly slower while it is profiling. Deep Profiling is better suited for small games with simple scripting. If you are using complex script code, your application might not be able to use Deep Profiling at all, and for many larger applications, Deep Profiling might make Unity run out of memory.

If you run into issues where there are too many samples for the Profiler to store in the ring buffer it uses to stream them to the Profiler, then Unity displays an error message. To increase the size of the ring buffer, you can adjust the Profiler.maxUsedMemory property for the Player you’re profiling.

If Deep Profiling causes the frame rate of your application to drop so much that it is impossible to run, you can manually profile blocks of your script code, which has a smaller overhead than Deep Profiling. Use ProfilerMarkers to manually add the instrumentation you need to mark up script blocks. These appear in the CPU Usage Profiler module.

If you want to find out which call stacks lead to a GC.Alloc sample without Deep Profiling, you can turn on the collection of Allocation Callstacks. When you enable the Managed Allocations setting, you can select the GC.Alloc samples in the Timeline view, or use the Show Related Objects panel in the Hierarchy view to find the call stacks for these samples. For more information, see the documentation on Allocation Callstacks in the CPU Profiler Module page.

Color blind mode

Enable Color Blind Mode to make the Profiler use higher contrast colors in its graphs. This enhances visibility for users with red-green color blindness (such as deuteranopia, protanopia, or tritanopia). To enable it, go to the context menu in the upper-right corner of the Profiler window, and select Color Blind Mode.

Profiler modules

The top part of the Profiler window is divided into Profiler modules that profile specific areas of your game. When you profile your application, Unity displays the data related to each module in corresponding charts.

The CPU Usage module provides the best overview of how much time your application spends on each frame. The other modules collect more specific data and can help you inspect more specific areas or to monitor the vitals of your application, such as memory consumption, rendering, or audio statistics.

Each module has its own chart. When you select a module, a Module Details panel appears in the bottom section of the window, which you can use to inspect the detailed data the module collects.

Profiler module overhead

Some Profiler modules have a large data collection overhead, such as the GPU, UI, and Audio Profiler module. To prevent these modules from affecting your application’s performance, you can click the close button (x) in the top right hand corner of the module to deactivate it. This removes the module from the window, stops the Profiler from collecting that module’s data, and lowers the Profiler’s overhead.

This does not apply to the CPU Usage module, which always collects data even when it’s not active, because other modules rely on it.

To add a module, select the Add Profiler dropdown and choose the Profiler you want to activate. When you choose a Profiler module from the drop-down, it starts collecting data, but shows no data for the period in which it was not active.

To avoid the overhead of the GPU Profiler module, it is not active by default. The GPU Profiler module must be active at the start of your application to hook into the graphics driver. If you add it later, it has no effect on most platforms, and the Profiler displays the message “GPU profiling is not supported by the graphics card driver (or it was disabled because of driver bugs)”.

If you instruct the Profiler to collect and send data to disk through the Profiler.logFile API instead of through the Profiler window, you can turn off Profiler modules through Profiler.SetAreaEnabled().

Some settings that debug your scripts through an external IDE might also create overhead. To avoid this overhead and get more accurate measurements, disable the Editor Attaching setting (menu: Preferences > External Tools). Similarly, when you profile build Players, open Build Settings and disable Script Debugging to avoid that overhead.

Profiler frame charts

The upper part of the Profiler window displays performance data over time on a frame-by-frame basis. When you run your application, the Profiler records data for each frame. The Profiler window displays the history of the last 300 frames it profiles. When you click in the Profiler frame chart area of the Profiler window, a white line appears, which highlights one frame of your application. To navigate between frames, use the transport controls in the toolbar of the Profiler window.

Unity manages the vertical scale of the charts automatically, and the charts attempt to fill the vertical space of the window. To see more detail in a chart, you can remove other Profiler modules, or you can drag the splitter between the charts and the detailed statistics area to increase the screen area of the charts.

To toggle hiding and displaying a metric in a chart, click the colored square next to its label in its module. This can be useful to identify the causes of spikes. In stacked charts such as the CPU Usage Profiler’s chart, you can reorder the metric labels to affect the stacking order. This can make the chart clearer, by making the noisier metrics more visible.

Each Profiler module collects different performance data metrics and displays them in separate charts. When you click on a frame, Unity displays more details about the frame in the Module Details pane in the bottom half of the Profiler window. The type of detail in this window changes depending on which Profile module you select. For more information about the specific details that each module displays in this area, see the individual documentation for the Profiler modules.

Command line arguments

If you start your built Player or the Unity Editor from the command line (such as the Command Prompt on Windows, Terminal on macOS, Linux shell, or adb for Android), you can pass command line arguments to configure some Profiler settings.