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Create functional layers in Unity
Layers and layerMasks

Layer-based collision detection

Layer-based collisionA collision occurs when the physics engine detects that the colliders of two GameObjects make contact or overlap, when at least one has a Rigidbody component and is in motion. More info
See in Glossary detection is a way to make a GameObjectThe fundamental object in Unity scenes, which can represent characters, props, scenery, cameras, waypoints, and more. A GameObject’s functionality is defined by the Components attached to it. More info
See in Glossary collide with another GameObject that’s set up on a specific layer or layers.

Layer Collision Matrix selected in the Project Settings window.
Layer Collision Matrix selected in the Project Settings window.

The Layer Collision Matrix defines which GameObjects can collide with which Layers. To open the Layer Collision Matrix go to Edit > Project Settings > Physics.

In the image, the Layer Collision Matrix is set up so that only GameObjects that belong to the same layer can collide:

  • Layer 1 is checked for Layer 1 only
  • Layer 2 is checked for Layer 2 only
  • Layer 3 is checked for Layer 3 only

If, for example, you want Layer 1 to collide with Layer 2 and 3, but not with Layer 1, find the row for Layer 1, then check the boxes for the Layer 2 and Layer 3 columns, and leave the Layer 1 column checkbox blank.

Set up layer-based collision detection

  1. Select the GameObject you want to assign a layer to.

  2. In the InspectorA Unity window that displays information about the currently selected GameObject, asset or project settings, allowing you to inspect and edit the values. More info
    See in Glossary    , select the Layer dropdown at the top, and either choose a Layer or add a new Layer. Repeat for each GameObject until you have finished assigning your GameObjects to Layers.

    Cube selected in the Inspector, with Layer 1 assigned to it.
    Cube selected in the Inspector, with Layer 1 assigned to it.

  3. In the Unity menu bar, go to Edit > Project Settings, then select the Physics category to open the Physics window.

  4. Select the layers on the Collision Matrix that you want to interact with the other layers.

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Create functional layers in Unity
Layers and layerMasks
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