현실 세계에서 오브젝트를 시각적으로 구분할 수 있는 중요한 방법 중 하나는 지표각에서 반사가 더 강해진다는 사실과 관련이 있습니다(아래 그림 참조). 이를 프레넬 효과(Fresnel Effect)라고 합니다.
이 예제에서 주목할 점이 두 가지 있습니다. 첫째, 이 반사는 구체의 가장자리 주변에만 나타납니다(이 때 구체 표면이 지표각에 있으므로). 둘째, 머티리얼의 평활도가 증가할수록 반사가 더 잘 보이고 선명해집니다.
스탠다드 셰이더에서는 프레넬 효과가 직접 제어되지 않고 머티리얼의 평활도를 통해 간접적으로 제어됩니다. 표면이 매끄러우면 프레넬 효과가 강하게 나타나고, 표면이 매우 거칠면 표면은 프레넬 효과가 나타나지 않습니다.
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