Version: Unity 6 Preview (6000.0)
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Write a Scriptable Render Pass in Compatibility Mode in URP
Example of performing a full screen blit in Compatibility Mode in URP

Example of a complete Scriptable Renderer Feature in Compatibility Mode in URP

This section describes how to create a complete Scriptable Renderer Feature for a URP Renderer.

Note: Unity no longer develops or improves the rendering path that doesn’t use the render graph API. Use the render graph API instead when developing new graphics features. To use the instructions on this page, enable Compatibility Mode (Render Graph Disabled) in URP graphics settings (Project Settings > Graphics).

This walkthrough contains the following sections:

Overview of this example implementation

The example workflow on this page implements a custom Renderer Feature that uses custom Render Passes to add a blur effect to the cameraA component which creates an image of a particular viewpoint in your scene. The output is either drawn to the screen or captured as a texture. More info
See in Glossary output.

The implementation consists of the following parts:

  • A ScriptableRendererFeature instance that enqueues a ScriptableRenderPass instance every frame.

  • A ScriptableRenderPass instance that performs the following steps:

    • Creates a temporary render textureA special type of Texture that is created and updated at runtime. To use them, first create a new Render Texture and designate one of your Cameras to render into it. Then you can use the Render Texture in a Material just like a regular Texture. More info
      See in Glossary       using the RenderTextureDescriptor API.

    • Applies two passes of the custom shader to the camera output using the RTHandle and the Blit API.

Create example Scene and GameObjects

To set your project up for this example workflow:

  1. Create a new SceneA Scene contains the environments and menus of your game. Think of each unique Scene file as a unique level. In each Scene, you place your environments, obstacles, and decorations, essentially designing and building your game in pieces. More info
    See in Glossary    .

  2. Create two GameObjects: a Cube GameObjectThe fundamental object in Unity scenes, which can represent characters, props, scenery, cameras, waypoints, and more. A GameObject’s functionality is defined by the Components attached to it. More info
    See in Glossary     called Cube, and a Sphere GameObject called Sphere.

  3. Create two Materials with a shader that lets you specify the base color (for example, the Universal Render Pipeline/Lit shader). Call the Materials Blue and Red, and set the base colors of the Materials to blue and red respectively.

  4. Assign the Red Material to the cube and the Blue Material to the sphere.

  5. Position the camera so that it has the cube and the sphere in its view.

The sample scene should look like the following image:

Sample scene
Sample scene

Create a scriptable Renderer Feature and add it to the Universal Renderer

  1. Create a new C# script and name it BlurRendererFeature.cs.

  2. In the script, remove the code that Unity inserted in the BlurRendererFeature class.

  3. Add the following using directive:

    using UnityEngine.Rendering.Universal;

  4. Create the BlurRendererFeature class that inherits from the ScriptableRendererFeature class.

    public class BlurRendererFeature : ScriptableRendererFeature

  5. In the BlurRendererFeature class, implement the following methods:

    • Create: Unity calls this method on the following events:

      • When the Renderer Feature loads the first time.

      • When you enable or disable the Renderer Feature.

      • When you change a property in the inspectorA Unity window that displays information about the currently selected GameObject, asset or project settings, allowing you to inspect and edit the values. More info
        See in Glossary         of the Renderer Feature.

    • AddRenderPasses: Unity calls this method every frame, once for each camera. This method lets you inject ScriptableRenderPass instances into the scriptable Renderer.

Now you have the custom BlurRendererFeature Renderer Feature with its main methods.

Below is the complete code for this step.

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Rendering.Universal;

public class BlurRendererFeature : ScriptableRendererFeature
{
    public override void Create()
    {

    }

    public override void AddRenderPasses(ScriptableRenderer renderer,
        ref RenderingData renderingData)
    {

    }
}

Add the Renderer Feature to the the Universal Renderer asset

Add the Renderer Feature you created to the the Universal Renderer asset. For information on how to do this, refer to the page How to add a Renderer Feature to a Renderer.

Create the scriptable Render Pass

This section demonstrates how to create a scriptable Render Pass and enqueue its instance into the scriptable Renderer.

  1. Create a new C# script and name it BlurRenderPass.cs.

  2. In the script, remove the code that Unity inserted in the BlurRenderPass class. Add the following using directive:

    using UnityEngine.Rendering;
using UnityEngine.Rendering.Universal;

  3. Create the BlurRenderPass class that inherits from the ScriptableRenderPass class.

    public class BlurRenderPass : ScriptableRenderPass

  4. Add the Execute method to the class. Unity calls this method every frame, once for each camera. This method lets you implement the rendering logic of the scriptable Render Pass.

    public override void Execute(ScriptableRenderContext context, ref RenderingData renderingData)
{ }

Below is the complete code for the BlurRenderPass.cs file from this section.

using UnityEngine.Rendering;
using UnityEngine.Rendering.Universal;

public class BlurRenderPass : ScriptableRenderPass
{
    public override void Execute(ScriptableRenderContext context,
        ref RenderingData renderingData)
    {
        
    }
}

Implement the settings for the custom render pass

This section demonstrates how to implement the settings for the custom blur render pass.

  1. The Renderer Feature in this example uses the shaderA program that runs on the GPU. More info
    See in Glossary     that performs the blur horizontally in one pass, and vertically in another pass. To let users control the blur value for each pass, add the following BlurSettings class to the BlurRendererFeature.cs script.

    [Serializable]
public class BlurSettings
{
    [Range(0,0.4f)] public float horizontalBlur;
    [Range(0,0.4f)] public float verticalBlur;
}

  2. In the BlurRendererFeature class, declare the following fields:

    [SerializeField] private BlurSettings settings;
[SerializeField] private Shader shader;
private Material material;
private BlurRenderPass blurRenderPass;

  3. In the BlurRenderPass class, add the fields for the settings, the Material, and the constructor that uses those fields.

    private BlurSettings defaultSettings;
private Material material;

public BlurRenderPass(Material material, BlurSettings defaultSettings)
{
    this.material = material;
    this.defaultSettings = defaultSettings;        
}

  4. In the BlurRenderPass class, add the RenderTextureDescriptor field and initialize it in the constructor:

    using UnityEngine;

private RenderTextureDescriptor blurTextureDescriptor;

public BlurRenderPass(Material material, BlurSettings defaultSettings)
{
    this.material = material;
    this.defaultSettings = defaultSettings;

    blurTextureDescriptor = new RenderTextureDescriptor(Screen.width,
        Screen.height, RenderTextureFormat.Default, 0);
}

  5. In the BlurRenderPass class, declare the RTHandle field to store the reference to the temporary blur texture. 

    private RTHandle blurTextureHandle;

  6. In the BlurRenderPass class, implement the Configure method. Unity calls this method before executing the render pass.

    public override void Configure(CommandBuffer cmd,
    RenderTextureDescriptor cameraTextureDescriptor)
{
    //Set the blur texture size to be the same as the camera target size.
    blurTextureDescriptor.width = cameraTextureDescriptor.width;
    blurTextureDescriptor.height = cameraTextureDescriptor.height;

    //Check if the descriptor has changed, and reallocate the RTHandle if necessary.
    RenderingUtils.ReAllocateHandleIfNeeded(ref blurTextureHandle, blurTextureDescriptor);
}

  7. In the BlurRenderPass class, implement the UpdateBlurSettings method that updates the shader values.

    Use the Blit method to apply the two passes from the custom shader to the camera output.

    private static readonly int horizontalBlurId =
    Shader.PropertyToID("_HorizontalBlur");
private static readonly int verticalBlurId =
    Shader.PropertyToID("_VerticalBlur");

...

private void UpdateBlurSettings()
{
    if (material == null) return;
                
    material.SetFloat(horizontalBlurId, defaultSettings.horizontalBlur);
    material.SetFloat(verticalBlurId, defaultSettings.verticalBlur);
}

  8. Call the UpdateBlurSettings method in the Execute method.

    public override void Execute(ScriptableRenderContext context,
    ref RenderingData renderingData)
{
    //Get a CommandBuffer from pool.
    CommandBuffer cmd = CommandBufferPool.Get();

    RTHandle cameraTargetHandle =
        renderingData.cameraData.renderer.cameraColorTargetHandle;

    UpdateBlurSettings();

    // Blit from the camera target to the temporary render texture,
    // using the first shader pass.
    Blit(cmd, cameraTargetHandle, blurTextureHandle, material, 0);
    // Blit from the temporary render texture to the camera target,
    // using the second shader pass.
    Blit(cmd, blurTextureHandle, cameraTargetHandle, material, 1);

    //Execute the command buffer and release it back to the pool.
    context.ExecuteCommandBuffer(cmd);
    CommandBufferPool.Release(cmd);
}

  9. Implement the Dispose method that destroys the Material and the temporary render texture after the render pass execution.

    public void Dispose()
{
    #if UNITY_EDITOR
            if (EditorApplication.isPlaying)
            {
                Object.Destroy(material);
            }
            else
            {
                Object.DestroyImmediate(material);
            }
    #else
            Object.Destroy(material);
    #endif
        
    if (blurTextureHandle != null) blurTextureHandle.Release();
}

The complete code for this part is in section Custom render pass code.

Enqueue the render pass in the custom renderer feature

In this section, you instantiate the render pass in the Create method of the BlurRendererFeature class, and enqueue it in the AddRenderPasses method.

  1. In the Create method of the BlurRendererFeature class, instantiate the BlurRenderPass class.

    In the method, use the renderPassEvent field to specify when to execute the render pass.

    public override void Create()
{
    if (shader == null)
    {
        return;
    }
    material = new Material(shader);
    blurRenderPass = new BlurRenderPass(material, settings);

    renderPassEvent = RenderPassEvent.AfterRenderingSkybox;
}

  2. In the AddRenderPasses method of the BlurRendererFeature class, enqueue the render pass with the EnqueuePass method.

    public override void AddRenderPasses(ScriptableRenderer renderer, ref RenderingData renderingData)
{
    if (renderingData.cameraData.cameraType == CameraType.Game)
    {
        renderer.EnqueuePass(blurRenderPass);
    }
}

  3. Implement the Dispose method that destroys the material instance that the Renderer Feature creates. The method also calls the Dispose method from the render pass class.

    protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
    blurRenderPass.Dispose();
    #if UNITY_EDITOR
        if (EditorApplication.isPlaying)
        {
            Destroy(material);
        }
        else
        {
            DestroyImmediate(material);
        }
    #else
            Destroy(material);
    #endif
}

For the complete Renderer Feature code, refer to section Custom Renderer Feature code.

The Scriptable Renderer Feature is now complete. The following image shows the effect of the feature in the Game view and the example settings.

The effect of the Scriptable Renderer Feature in the Game view
The effect of the Scriptable Renderer Feature in the Game view.

Implement the volume component

This section shows how to implement a volume component that lets you control the input values for the custom renderer feature.

  1. Create a new C# script and name it CustomVolumeComponent.cs.

  2. Inherit the CustomVolumeComponent class from the VolumeComponent class, add the [Serializable] attribute to the class. Add the using UnityEngine.Rendering; directive.

    using System;
using UnityEngine.Rendering;

[Serializable]
public class CustomVolumeComponent : VolumeComponent
{

}

  3. Add the BoolParameter field to the CustomVolumeComponent class. This field lets you enable or disable the custom renderer feature.

    public class BlurVolumeComponent : VolumeComponent
{
    public BoolParameter isActive = new BoolParameter(true);
}

  4. Add the fields to control the blur settings defined in the custom renderer feature.

    [Serializable]
public class CustomVolumeComponent : VolumeComponent
{
    public BoolParameter isActive = new BoolParameter(true);
    public ClampedFloatParameter horizontalBlur =
        new ClampedFloatParameter(0.05f, 0, 0.5f);
    public ClampedFloatParameter verticalBlur =
        new ClampedFloatParameter(0.05f, 0, 0.5f);
}

  5. In the BlurRenderPass script, change the UpdateBlurSettings method so that it uses the settings defined in a Volume or the default settings if no Volume is set.

    private void UpdateBlurSettings()
{
    if (material == null) return;

    // Use the Volume settings or the default settings if no Volume is set.
    var volumeComponent =
        VolumeManager.instance.stack.GetComponent<CustomVolumeComponent>();
    float horizontalBlur = volumeComponent.horizontalBlur.overrideState ?
        volumeComponent.horizontalBlur.value : defaultSettings.horizontalBlur;
    float verticalBlur = volumeComponent.verticalBlur.overrideState ?
        volumeComponent.verticalBlur.value : defaultSettings.verticalBlur;
    material.SetFloat(horizontalBlurId, horizontalBlur);
    material.SetFloat(verticalBlurId, verticalBlur);
}

  6. In the Unity scene, create a local Box Volume. If a Volume Profile is missing, create a new one by clicking New next to the Profile property. Add the Custom Volume Component override to the Volume.

    Box Volume properties
    Box Volume properties

  7. Enable the settings in the Custom Volume Component override and set the values for this Volume. Move the Volume so that the camera is inside it. The settings from the Volume override the default settings from the custom renderer feature.

All complete code for the scripts in this example

This section contains the complete code for all the scriptsA piece of code that allows you to create your own Components, trigger game events, modify Component properties over time and respond to user input in any way you like. More info
See in Glossary in this example.

Custom Renderer Feature code

Below is the complete code for the custom Renderer Feature script.

using System;
using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Rendering.Universal;

public class BlurRendererFeature : ScriptableRendererFeature
{
    [SerializeField] private BlurSettings settings;
    [SerializeField] private Shader shader;
    private Material material;
    private BlurRenderPass blurRenderPass;

    public override void Create()
    {
        if (shader == null)
        {
            return;
        }
        material = new Material(shader);
        blurRenderPass = new BlurRenderPass(material, settings);
        
        blurRenderPass.renderPassEvent = RenderPassEvent.AfterRenderingSkybox;
    }

    public override void AddRenderPasses(ScriptableRenderer renderer,
        ref RenderingData renderingData)
    {
        if (renderingData.cameraData.cameraType == CameraType.Game)
        {
            renderer.EnqueuePass(blurRenderPass);
        }
    }

    protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
    {
        blurRenderPass.Dispose();
        #if UNITY_EDITOR
            if (EditorApplication.isPlaying)
            {
                Destroy(material);
            }
            else
            {
                DestroyImmediate(material);
            }
        #else
                Destroy(material);
        #endif
    }
}

[Serializable]
public class BlurSettings
{
    [Range(0, 0.4f)] public float horizontalBlur;
    [Range(0, 0.4f)] public float verticalBlur;
}

Custom render pass code

Below is the complete code for the custom Render Pass script.

using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Rendering;
using UnityEngine.Rendering.Universal;

public class BlurRenderPass : ScriptableRenderPass
{
    private static readonly int horizontalBlurId =
        Shader.PropertyToID("_HorizontalBlur");
    private static readonly int verticalBlurId =
        Shader.PropertyToID("_VerticalBlur");

    private BlurSettings defaultSettings;
    private Material material;

    private RenderTextureDescriptor blurTextureDescriptor;
    private RTHandle blurTextureHandle;

    public BlurRenderPass(Material material, BlurSettings defaultSettings)
    {
        this.material = material;
        this.defaultSettings = defaultSettings;

        blurTextureDescriptor = new RenderTextureDescriptor(Screen.width,
            Screen.height, RenderTextureFormat.Default, 0);
    }

    public override void Configure(CommandBuffer cmd,
        RenderTextureDescriptor cameraTextureDescriptor)
    {
        // Set the blur texture size to be the same as the camera target size.
        blurTextureDescriptor.width = cameraTextureDescriptor.width;
        blurTextureDescriptor.height = cameraTextureDescriptor.height;

        // Check if the descriptor has changed, and reallocate the RTHandle if necessary
        RenderingUtils.ReAllocateHandleIfNeeded(ref blurTextureHandle, blurTextureDescriptor);
    }

    private void UpdateBlurSettings()
    {
        if (material == null) return;

        // Use the Volume settings or the default settings if no Volume is set.
        var volumeComponent =
            VolumeManager.instance.stack.GetComponent<CustomVolumeComponent>();
        float horizontalBlur = volumeComponent.horizontalBlur.overrideState ?
            volumeComponent.horizontalBlur.value : defaultSettings.horizontalBlur;
        float verticalBlur = volumeComponent.verticalBlur.overrideState ?
            volumeComponent.verticalBlur.value : defaultSettings.verticalBlur;
        material.SetFloat(horizontalBlurId, horizontalBlur);
        material.SetFloat(verticalBlurId, verticalBlur);
    }

    public override void Execute(ScriptableRenderContext context,
        ref RenderingData renderingData)
    {
        //Get a CommandBuffer from pool.
        CommandBuffer cmd = CommandBufferPool.Get();

        RTHandle cameraTargetHandle =
            renderingData.cameraData.renderer.cameraColorTargetHandle;

        UpdateBlurSettings();

        // Blit from the camera target to the temporary render texture,
        // using the first shader pass.
        Blit(cmd, cameraTargetHandle, blurTextureHandle, material, 0);
        // Blit from the temporary render texture to the camera target,
        // using the second shader pass.
        Blit(cmd, blurTextureHandle, cameraTargetHandle, material, 1);

        //Execute the command buffer and release it back to the pool.
        context.ExecuteCommandBuffer(cmd);
        CommandBufferPool.Release(cmd);
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
    #if UNITY_EDITOR
        if (EditorApplication.isPlaying)
        {
            Object.Destroy(material);
        }
        else
        {
            Object.DestroyImmediate(material);
        }
    #else
                Object.Destroy(material);
    #endif

        if (blurTextureHandle != null) blurTextureHandle.Release();
    }
}

Volume Component code

Below is the complete code for the Volume Component script.

using System;
using UnityEngine.Rendering;

[Serializable]
public class CustomVolumeComponent : VolumeComponent
{
    public BoolParameter isActive = new BoolParameter(true);
    public ClampedFloatParameter horizontalBlur =
        new ClampedFloatParameter(0.05f, 0, 0.5f);
    public ClampedFloatParameter verticalBlur =
        new ClampedFloatParameter(0.05f, 0, 0.5f);
}

The custom shader for the blur effect

This section contains the code for the custom shader that implements the blur effect.

Shader "CustomEffects/Blur"
{
    HLSLINCLUDE
    
        #include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.universal/ShaderLibrary/Core.hlsl"
        // The Blit.hlsl file provides the vertex shader (Vert),
        // the input structure (Attributes), and the output structure (Varyings)
        #include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.core/Runtime/Utilities/Blit.hlsl"

        float _VerticalBlur;
        float _HorizontalBlur;
    
        float4 _BlitTexture_TexelSize;
    
        float4 BlurVertical (Varyings input) : SV_Target
        {
            const float BLUR_SAMPLES = 64;
            const float BLUR_SAMPLES_RANGE = BLUR_SAMPLES / 2;
            
            float3 color = 0;
            float blurPixels = _VerticalBlur * _ScreenParams.y;
            
            for(float i = -BLUR_SAMPLES_RANGE; i <= BLUR_SAMPLES_RANGE; i++)
            {
                float2 sampleOffset =
                    float2 (0, (blurPixels / _BlitTexture_TexelSize.w) *
                        (i / BLUR_SAMPLES_RANGE));
                color +=
                    SAMPLE_TEXTURE2D(_BlitTexture, sampler_LinearClamp,
                        input.texcoord + sampleOffset).rgb;
            }
            
            return float4(color.rgb / (BLUR_SAMPLES + 1), 1);
        }

        float4 BlurHorizontal (Varyings input) : SV_Target
        {
            const float BLUR_SAMPLES = 64;
            const float BLUR_SAMPLES_RANGE = BLUR_SAMPLES / 2;
            
            UNITY_SETUP_STEREO_EYE_INDEX_POST_VERTEX(input);
            float3 color = 0;
            float blurPixels = _HorizontalBlur * _ScreenParams.x;
            for(float i = -BLUR_SAMPLES_RANGE; i <= BLUR_SAMPLES_RANGE; i++)
            {
                float2 sampleOffset =
                    float2 ((blurPixels / _BlitTexture_TexelSize.z) *
                        (i / BLUR_SAMPLES_RANGE), 0);
                color +=
                    SAMPLE_TEXTURE2D(_BlitTexture, sampler_LinearClamp,
                        input.texcoord + sampleOffset).rgb;
            }
            return float4(color / (BLUR_SAMPLES + 1), 1);
        }
    
    ENDHLSL
    
    SubShader
    {
        Tags { "RenderType"="Opaque" "RenderPipeline" = "UniversalPipeline"}
        LOD 100
        ZWrite Off Cull Off
        Pass
        {
            Name "BlurPassVertical"

            HLSLPROGRAM
            
            #pragma vertex Vert
            #pragma fragment BlurVertical
            
            ENDHLSL
        }
        
        Pass
        {
            Name "BlurPassHorizontal"

            HLSLPROGRAM
            
            #pragma vertex Vert
            #pragma fragment BlurHorizontal
            
            ENDHLSL
        }
    }
}
Write a Scriptable Render Pass in Compatibility Mode in URP
Example of performing a full screen blit in Compatibility Mode in URP
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