A Lighting Settings Asset represents a saved instance of the LightingSettings class, which stores data for the Baked Global IlluminationA group of techniques that model both direct and indirect lighting to provide realistic lighting results.
See in Glossary and the EnlightenA lighting system by Geomerics used in Unity for lightmapping and for Enlighten Realtime Global Illumination. More info
See in Glossary Realtime Global Illumination systems. The Unity Editor uses this data when it precomputes lighting data for a SceneA Scene contains the environments and menus of your game. Think of each unique Scene file as a unique level. In each Scene, you place your environments, obstacles, and decorations, essentially designing and building your game in pieces. More info
See in Glossary that uses one or both of these systems.
You can assign the same Lighting Settings Asset or instance of the LightingSettings class to more than one Scene, which makes it easy to share Global Illumination system settings across multiple Scenes.
There are two ways to create a Lighting Settings Asset in the Unity Editor.
To create a Lighting Settings Asset from the Project view:
To create and automatically assign Lighting Settings Asset from the Lighting window:
Select Clone instead to create a duplicate of the current Lighting Settings Asset, and immediately assign it to the active Scene.
You can also create a Lighting Settings Asset from a script. To do this, create an instance of the LightingSettings class and either save it to disk, or assign it to a Scene and save that Scene. For more information and code examples, see the LightingSettings API documentation.
To assign a Lighting Settings Asset to a Scene in the Unity Editor:
You can also assign a Lighting Settings Asset to the active Scene from a script. To do this, load the Lighting Settings Asset to obtain an instance of the LightingSettings class, then use the Lightmapping.lightingSettings API to assign that LightingSettings instance to the active Scene. For more information and code examples, see the LightingSettings API documentation.
You can view and edit the properties of Lighting Settings Asset in two places in the Unity Editor:
You can also read from or write to the properties of a Lighting Settings Asset from a script. To do this, load the Lighting Settings Asset to obtain an instance of theLightingSettings class, and access its properties. For more information and code examples, see the LightingSettings API documentation.
When a Scene does not have a Lighting Settings Asset assigned to it, Unity uses the default LightingSettings object for that Scene. The default LightingSettings object is an internal, read-only instance of the LightingSettings class.
You cannot make any changes to the LightingSettings data for a Scene that uses the default LightingSettings, but Unity can perform a bake using its settings.
To make changes to the LightingSettings data for a Scene, you must use the Unity Editor to create and assign a Lighting Settings Asset, or use a script to create, configure, and assign a LightingSettings object. For more information and code examples, see the LightingSettings API documentation.
Unity automatically generates an ambient probe and a default Reflection Probe to ensure that environment lighting affects your scene and the GameObjectsThe fundamental object in Unity scenes, which can represent characters, props, scenery, cameras, waypoints, and more. A GameObject’s functionality is defined by the Components attached to it. More info
See in Glossary in it by default. To learn more about this functionality, see SkyManager.
When you view the Lighting Settings Asset in the Inspector or the Lighting window, the properties that you can view or edit are divided into the following sections:
This section contains settings related to the Enlighten Realtime Global Illumination system.
| Property | Function |
|---|---|
| Realtime Global Illumination | Enable this property to use the Enlighten Realtime Global Illumination system in Scenes that use this Lighting Settings Asset. |
| Realtime Environment Lighting | Enable this property to use the Enlighten Realtime Global Illumination system to calculate and update ambient light in real-time. This property is only available when both Enlighten Realtime Global Illumination and Baked Global Illumination are enabled in the Scene. |
| Indirect Resolution | Specifies the number of texels per unit to use for realtime lightmaps. Increasing this value improves lightmap quality, but also increases render time. This property is only available if you enable Realtime Global Illumination. |
This section contains settings that affect the behavior of Baked LightsLight components whose Mode property is set to Baked. Unity pre-calculates the illumination from Baked Lights before runtime, and does not include them in any runtime lighting calculations. More info
See in Glossary and Mixed LightsLight components whose Mode property is set to Mixed. Some calculations for Mixed Lights are performed in advance, and some calculations for Mixed Lights are performed at runtime. The behavior of all Mixed Lights in a Scene is determined by the Scene’s Lighting Mode. More info
See in Glossary in Scenes that use this Lighting Settings Asset.
| Property: | Function: | |
|---|---|---|
| Baked Global Illumination | When this setting is enabled, Unity enables the Baked Global Illumination system for the Scenes that use this Lighting Settings Asset. When this setting is disabled, Unity disables the Baked Global Illumination system for the Scenes that use this Lighting Settings Asset. When the Baked Global Illumination system is enabled, Unity uses Baked lights in the Scene for lightmapping only, and Mixed lights behave according to the Lighting Mode setting. When the Baked Global Illumination system is disabled, Unity forces all Baked and Mixed lights in the Scene to act as though they were Realtime Lights. |
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| Lighting Mode | Specifies which Lighting Mode Unity uses for all Mixed Lights in the Scenes that use this Lighting Settings Asset. When you change the Lighting Mode, you need to re-bake the lighting data for the Scenes that use this Lighting Settings Asset. |
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| Baked Indirect | Use Baked Indirect Lighting Mode for all Mixed Lights in the Scenes that use this Lighting Settings Asset. In Baked Indirect Lighting Mode, Mixed Lights provide real-time direct lighting and Unity bakes indirect light into lightmaps and Light Probes. Real-time shadow maps provide shadows. |
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| Shadowmask | Use Shadowmask Lighting Mode for all Mixed Lights in the Scenes that use this Lighting Settings Asset. In Shadowmask Lighting Mode Mixed Lights provide real-time direct lighting while indirect light is baked into lightmaps and probes. This mode combines real-time and baked shadows. |
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| Subtractive | Use Subtractive Lighting Mode for all Mixed Lights in the Scenes that use this Lighting Settings Asset. In Subtractive Lighting Mode Mixed Lights provide baked direct and indirect lighting for static objects. Dynamic objects receive real-time direct lighting and cast shadows using the Directional Light. |
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| Property | Function |
|---|---|
| LightmapA pre-rendered texture that contains the effects of light sources on static objects in the scene. Lightmaps are overlaid on top of scene geometry to create the effect of lighting. More info See in Glossary Resolution |
Specifies the number of texels per unit to use for lightmaps. Increasing this value improves lightmap quality, but also increases bake times. Note that doubling this value causes the number of texels to quadruple because it determines both the height and width of the lightmap. See the Occupied texels count in the statistics area of the Lighting window. |
| Lightmap Padding | Determines the separation (in texel units) between separate shapes in the baked lightmap. The default is 2. |
| Max Lightmap Size | Specifies the size (in pixels) of the full lightmap texture, which incorporates a separate region for each included GameObject. The default value is 1024. |
| Lightmap compression | The level of compression the Editor uses for lightmaps. - None: Does not compress lightmaps. - Low Quality: This may use less memory and storage than Normal Quality, but can also introduce visual artifacts. - Normal Quality: This is a good trade-off between memory usage and visual quality. - High Quality: Requires more memory and storage than Normal Quality, but provides better visual results. |
| Ambient OcclusionA method to approximate how much ambient light (light not coming from a specific direction) can hit a point on a surface. See in Glossary |
Controls the relative brightness of surfaces in baked ambient occlusion. This only applies to the indirect lighting calculated by the lightmapperA tool in Unity that bakes lightmaps according to the arrangement of lights and geometry in your scene. More info See in Glossary you are using to bake your lighting. Enabled by default. If Ambient Occlusion is enabled, it exposes three settings: Max Distance, Indirect Contribution, and Direct Contribution. For all three settings, higher values indicate a greater contrast between occluded and fully lit areas. |
| Max Distance | Specifies how far the lighting system casts rays in order to determine whether or not to apply occlusion to an object. A higher value produces longer rays and contributes more shadows to the lightmap, while a lower value produces shorter rays that contribute shadows only when objects are very close to one another. A value of 0 casts an infinitely long ray that has no maximum distance. The default value is 1. |
| Indirect Contribution | Scales the brightness of indirect ambient lightLight that doesn’t come from any specific direction, and contributes equal light in all directions to the Scene. More info See in Glossary bounced and emitted from objects in the final lightmap. This is a value between 0 and 10. The default value is 1. Values less than 1 reduce the intensity, while values greater than 1 increase it. |
| Direct Contribution | Scales the brightness of direct light. This is a value between 0 and 10. The default value is 0. The higher this value is, the greater the contrast the Editor applies to the direct lighting. |
| Directional Mode | Enables the lightmap to store information about the characteristics of the dominant incoming light at each point on an object’s surface. See Directional Lightmapping for more information. The default mode is Directional. |
| Directional | In Directional mode, , Unity generates a second lightmap to store the dominant direction of incoming light. This makes it possible for diffuse normal mapped materials to work with the global illumination system. ShadersA program that runs on the GPU. More info See in Glossary sample both lightmap textures during rendering. As a result, directional mode requires about twice as much video memory as non-directional mode for the additional lightmap data. Generating the additional directionality texture has an impact on baking performance. Directional lightmaps cannot be decoded on SM2.0 hardware or when using GLES2.0. |
| Non-directional | Non-directional mode lightmaps only include a single texture. As a result, they require less video memory and less storage than directional lightmaps, and are faster to decode in shaders. These optimizations reduce visual quality. |
| Indirect Intensity | Determines the brightness of indirect light stored in real-time and baked lightmaps. This is a value between 0 and 5. A value above 1 increases the intensity of indirect light while a value of less than 1 reduces indirect light intensity. The default value is 1. |
| Albedo Boost | Specifies the amount of light Unity bounces between surfaces. This value is between 1 and 10. Increasing this value pulls the albedo value towards white for indirect light computation. The default value of 1 is physically accurate. |
| Lightmap Parameters | A Lightmap Parameters Asset storesA growing library of free and commercial assets created by Unity and members of the community. Offers a wide variety of assets, from textures, models and animations to whole project examples, tutorials and Editor extensions. More info See in Glossary values for settings relevant to Baked Global Illumination. The Editor provides several default Lightmap Parameters Assets to choose from, but you can also create your own lightmap parameters file using the Create New option. See Lightmap Parameters for more information. The default value is Default-Medium. The options are Default-Medium, Default-HighResolution, Default-LowResolution, and Default-VeryLowResolution. |
Some settings are specific to certain lightmapper backends. To see these settings, visit the page for the relevant lightmapper:
However, Enlighten Baked Global Illumination is deprecated and no longer visible in the user interface by default. See Lightmapping using Enlighten Baked Global Illumination for more information.
When you view a Lighting Settings Asset in the Inspector, this property is at the top of the Inspector. When you view a Lighting Settings Asset in the Lighting window, this property is at the bottom of the Lighting window, near the Generate Lighting button.
| Property | Function: |
|---|---|
| Auto Generate | If Auto Generate is enabled, Unity precomputes lighting data automatically when you make changes to the Scene. This data includes lightmaps for the Baked Global Illumination system, data for the Enlighten Realtime Global Illumination system, Light Probes, and Reflection Probes. Unity usually begins the bake a few seconds after you make a change to the Scene. If Auto Generate is disabled, you must manually invoke a bake yourself, using the Generate Lighting button in the Lighting window, or the Lightmapping.Bake or Lightmapping.BakeAsync APIs. Note that when you precompute lighting data using Auto Generate, the precomputed lighting data is not stored as Assets in your Project. It is instead stored in memory, and serialized as part of the Scene. Note: From Unity Editor version 2022.2, Auto Generate mode is unavailable when the Entities package is installed. This is because when you generate lighting in a project where you have installed the Entities package, the Unity Editor opens all loaded subscenes, which may slow down Editor performance. |
LightingSettings