Terrain settings
The final tool on the five-icon toolbarA row of buttons and basic controls at the top of the Unity Editor that allows you to interact with the Editor in various ways (e.g. scaling, translation). More info
See in Glossary is for settings. In the InspectorA Unity window that displays information about the currently selected GameObject, Asset or Project Settings, alowing you to inspect and edit the values. More info
See in Glossary, click the gear icon to reveal the Terrain settings.
Base Terrain
| Property | Function | |
|---|---|---|
| Grouping ID | The grouping ID for the Auto connect feature. | |
| Auto connect | Check this box to automatically connect the current TerrainThe landscape in your scene. A Terrain GameObject adds a large flat plane to your scene and you can use the Terrain’s Inspector window to create a detailed landscape. More info See in Glossary tile to to neighboring tiles sharing the same Grouping ID. |
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| Draw | Check this box to enable renderingThe process of drawing graphics to the screen (or to a render texture). By default, the main camera in Unity renders its view to the screen. More info See in Glossary of the Terrain. |
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| Draw Instanced | Check this box to enable instanced rendering. | |
| Pixel Error | The accuracy of the mapping between Terrain maps (such as heightmaps and Textures) and generated Terrain. Higher values indicate lower accuracy, but with lower rendering overhead. | |
| Base Map Dist. | The maximum distance at which Unity displays Terrain Textures at full resolution. Beyond this distance, the system uses a lower resolution composite image for efficiency. | |
| Cast Shadows | Use this to define how the Terrain casts shadows onto other objects in the SceneA Scene contains the environments and menus of your game. Think of each unique Scene file as a unique level. In each Scene, you place your environments, obstacles, and decorations, essentially designing and building your game in pieces. More info See in Glossary. Rendering.ShadowCastingMode controls how the Terrain shadow interacts with Scene objects. |
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| Off | The Terrain does not cast shadows. | |
| On | The Terrain casts shadows. | |
| Two Sided | Casts two-sided shadows from either side of the Terrain. EnlightenThe lighting system by Geomerics used in Unity for computing global illumination (GI). More info See in Glossary and Progressive LightmapperA tool in Unity that bakes lightmaps according to the arrangement of lights and geometry in your scene. More info See in Glossary do not support two-sided shadows. |
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| Shadows Only | Shadows from the Terrain are visible, but the Terrain itself is not. | |
| MaterialAn asset that defines how a surface should be rendered, by including references to the Textures it uses, tiling information, Color tints and more. The available options for a Material depend on which Shader the Material is using. More info See in Glossary |
Set the Material to use when rendering the Terrain. This affects the interpretation of color channels for a Terrain Layer. | |
| Built In Standard | For each splat layer, there is one Texture for albedo and smoothness, one Texture for the normal map, and one scalar value to adjust the metalness. For more information about PBR and the Standard Shader, see Standard ShaderA built-in shader for rendering real-world objects such as stone, wood, glass, plastic and metal. Supports a wide range of shader types and combinations. More info See in Glossary. Note: On Direct3D 9 in Shader Model 3.0, normal maps are not available if you have enabled directional lightmaps, Baked Global Illumination, real-time shadowsA UI component that adds a simple outline effect to graphic components such as Text or Image. It must be on the same GameObject as the graphic component. More info See in Glossary, and shadowmasksA Texture that shares the same UV layout and resolution with its corresponding lightmap. More info See in Glossary. This is due to the limited number of samplers in Shaders. |
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| Built In Legacy Diffuse | This is the legacy built-in Terrain material from Unity 4.x and previous versions. It uses the Lambert (diffuse term only) lighting model, and has optional normal mapA type of Bump Map texture that allows you to add surface detail such as bumps, grooves, and scratches to a model which catch the light as if they are represented by real geometry. More info See in Glossary support. |
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| Built In Legacy Specular | This built-in material uses the Blinn-Phong (diffuse and specular term) lighting model, and has optional normal map support. You can specify the overall specular colorThe color of a specular highlight. See in Glossary and shininess for the Terrain. |
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| Custom | Select this if you want to apply a custom Material to your Terrain, to create effects that are not supported by the built-in materials. This is useful, for example, when using a custom Scriptable Render Pipeline or an emissive Terrain material. | |
| Reflection ProbesA rendering component that captures a spherical view of its surroundings in all directions, rather like a camera. The captured image is then stored as a Cubemap that can be used by objects with reflective materials. More info See in Glossary |
Use this to set how Unity uses Reflection Probes on Terrain. This setting only has an effect when Material is set to Built In Standard, or if you use a custom Material (with Material set to Custom) that supports rendering with reflection. | |
| Off | Disables Reflection Probes, and uses a skyboxA special type of Material used to represent skies. Usually six-sided. More info See in Glossary for reflection. |
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| Blend Probes | Enables Reflection Probes. Blending occurs only between probes. Uses default reflection if there are no Reflection Probes nearby, but no blending between default reflection and probe. | |
| Blend Probes And Skybox | Enables Reflection probes. Blending occurs between probes, or between probes and default reflection. | |
| Simple | Enables Reflection probes, but no blending occurs between probes when there are two overlapping volumes. | |
Tree and Detail Objects
| Property | Function |
|---|---|
| Draw | Check this box to draw trees, grass, and details. |
| Bake Light Probes For Trees | If you check this box, Unity creates internal Light Probes at the position of each tree, and applies them to tree renderers for lighting. These probes are internal, and don’t affect other renderers in the Scene. If you don’t check this box, trees are still affected by Light Probe GroupsA component that enables you to add Light Probes to GameObjects in your scene. More info See in Glossary. This option is only effective for trees with Light Probe enabled on their prototype Prefab. |
| Remove Light Probe Ringing | If you check this box, Unity removes visible overshooting, which often appears as ringing on GameObjects that are affected by intense lighting. This setting reduces contrast, and is dependent on Bake Light Probes for Trees. For more information, see Light Probe Groups: Ringing. |
| Preserve Tree Prototype Layers | Check this box if you want your tree instances to take on the layer values of their prototype PrefabsAn asset type that allows you to store a GameObject complete with components and properties. The prefab acts as a template from which you can create new object instances in the scene. More info See in Glossary, instead of the Terrain GameObjectThe fundamental object in Unity scenes, which can represent characters, props, scenery, cameras, waypoints, and more. A GameObject’s functionality is defined by the Components attached to it. More info See in Glossary’s layer values. |
| Detail Distance | The distance from the cameraA component which creates an image of a particular viewpoint in your scene. The output is either drawn to the screen or captured as a texture. More info See in Glossary beyond which details are culled. |
| Detail Density | The number of detail/grass objects in a given unit of area. Set this value lower to reduce rendering overhead. |
| Tree Distance | The distance from the camera beyond which trees are culled. |
| Billboard Start | The distance from the camera at which BillboardA textured 2D object that rotates as it, or the Camera, moves so that it always faces the Camera. More info See in Glossary images replace 3D Tree objects. |
| Fade Length | The distance over which Trees transition between 3D objectsA 3D GameObject such as a cube, terrain or ragdoll. More info See in Glossary and Billboards. |
| Max Mesh Trees | The maximum number of visible Trees that are represented as solid 3D meshes. Beyond this limit, Billboards replace Trees. |
Physics
| Property | Function |
|---|---|
| Thickness | This value indicates how much the Terrain collision volume extends along the negative Y-axis. Objects collide with the Terrain from the surface to a depth, which is equal to this thickness. This helps prevent high-speed moving GameObjects from penetrating into the Terrain, without using expensive continuous collision detection. |
Wind Settings for Grass
| Property | Function |
|---|---|
| Speed | The speed of the wind as it blows across the grass. |
| Size | The size of ripples on grassy areas as the wind blows over them. |
| Bending | The degree to which the wind bends over grass objects. |
| Grass Tint | The overall color tint applied to grass objects. |
Mesh Resolutions
| Property | Function |
|---|---|
| Terrain Width | The size of the Terrain GameObject in its X-axis, in world units. |
| Terrain Length | The size of the Terrain GameObject in its Z-axis, in world units. |
| Terrain Height | The difference in Y-coordinate between the lowest possible heightmapA greyscale Texture that stores height data for an object. Each pixel stores the height difference perpendicular to the face that pixel represents. See in Glossary value and the highest one, in world units. |
| Detail Resolution Per Patch | The number of cells in a single patch (mesh). This value is squared to form a grid of cells, and must be a divisor of the detail resolution. |
| Detail Resolution | The number of cells available for placing details onto the Terrain tile. This value is squared to make a grid of cells. |
Texture Resolutions
| Property | Function | |
|---|---|---|
| Base Texture Resolution | The resolution of the composite Texture to use on the Terrain when you view it from a distance greater than the Basemap Distance. | |
| Control Texture Resolution | The resolution of the splatmap that controls the blending of the different Terrain Textures. | |
| Heightmap Resolution | The pixelThe smallest unit in a computer image. Pixel size depends on your screen resolution. Pixel lighting is calculated at every screen pixel. More info See in Glossary resolution of the Terrain’s heightmap. This value must be a power of two plus one, for example, 513, which is 512 + 1. |
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| Lightmap Static | Lets you control whether the Terrain geometry is marked as Static for lightmapping purposes. If you check this box, the system includes the Terrain meshThe main graphics primitive of Unity. Meshes make up a large part of your 3D worlds. Unity supports triangulated or Quadrangulated polygon meshes. Nurbs, Nurms, Subdiv surfaces must be converted to polygons. More info See in Glossary in lightmap calculations. |
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| LightmapsA pre-rendered texture that contains the effects of light sources on static objects in the scene. Lightmaps are overlaid on top of scene geometry to create the effect of lighting. More info See in Glossary |
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| Scale In Lightmap | Lets you specify the relative size of an object’s UVs within a lightmap. If you set this to zero, the object is not lightmapped, but still contributes lighting to other objects in the Scene. | |
| Lightmap Parameters | Lets you adjust advanced parameters that affect the process of generating a lightmap for an object using global illumination. See Lightmap Parameters for more information about these settings. | |
Require resampling on change indicates that when you change properties under Texture Resolutions, the Editor resizes the Terrain tile’s content to the new size you specify, which can potentially affect the quality of your content.
Heightmap Import/Export buttons
The Import Raw and Export Raw buttons allow you to set or save the Terrain’s heightmap to an image file in the RAW grayscale format. You can create RAW format files in third-party terrain editing tools (such as Bryce), and you can open, edit, and save them in Photoshop. This allows for sophisticated generation and editing of terrains outside Unity.
Terrain Collider
| Property | Function |
|---|---|
| Material | A reference to the Physic MaterialA physics asset for adjusting the friction and bouncing effects of colliding objects. More info See in Glossary that determines how this Terrain’s ColliderAn invisible shape that is used to handle physical collisions for an object. A collider doesn’t need to be exactly the same shape as the object’s mesh - a rough approximation is often more efficient and indistinguishable in gameplay. More info See in Glossary interacts with other Colliders in the Scene. |
| Terrain Data | The TerrainData Asset that stores heightmaps, Terrain Textures, detail Meshes, and Trees. |
| Enable Tree Colliders | Check this box to enable Tree Colliders. |
2019–04–19 Page amended
Updated content to reflect new UI and options