Frame Debugger

The Frame Debugger lets you freeze playback for a running game on a particular frame and view the individual draw calls that are used to render that frame. As well as listing the drawcalls, the debugger also lets you step through them one-by-one so you can see in great detail how the scene is constructed from its graphical elements.

Using the Frame Debugger

The Frame Debugger window (menu: Window > Frame Debugger) shows the drawcall information and lets you control the “playback” of the frame under construction.

The main list shows the sequence of drawcalls (and other events like framebuffer clear) in the form of a hierarchy that identifies where they originated from. The panel to the right of the list gives further information about the drawcall such as the geometry details and the shader used for rendering.

Clicking on an item from the list will show the scene (in the Game view) as it appears up to and including that drawcall. The left and right arrow buttons in the toolbar move forward and backward in the list by a single step and you can also use the arrow keys to the same effect. Additionally, the slider at the top of the window lets you “scrub” rapidly through the drawcalls to locate an item of interest quickly. Where a drawcall corresponds to the geometry of a GameObject, that object will be highlighted in the main Hierarchy panel to assist identification.

If rendering happens into a RenderTexture at the selected draw call, then contents of that render texture are displayed in the Game View. This is useful for inspecting how various off-screen render targets are built up, for example diffuse g-buffer in deferred shading:

Or looking at how the shadow maps are rendered:

Render target display options

At the top of the information panel is a toolbar which lets you isolate the red, green, blue and alpha channels for the current state of the Game view. Similarly, you can isolate areas of the view according to brightness levels using the Levels slider to the right of these channel buttons. These are only enabled when rendering into a RenderTexture.

When rendering into multiple render targets at once you can select which one to display in the game view. Shown here are the diffuse, specular, normals and emission/indirect lighting buffers in 5.0 deferred shading mode, respectively:

Additionally, you can see the depth buffer contents by picking “Depth” from the dropdown:

By isolating alpha channel of the render texture, you can see occlusion (stored in RT0 alpha) and smoothness (stored in RT1 alpha) of the deferred g-buffer:

The emission and ambient/indirect lighting in this scene is very dark; we can make it more visible by changing the Levels slider:

Alternative frame debugging techniques

You could also use external tools to debug rendering. Build a standalone player, run it through Visual Studio graphics debugger, Intel GPA, RenderDoc, NVIDIA NSight or AMD GPU PerfStudio, then capture a frame of rendering, and step through the draw calls and other rendering events to see what’s going on.

This is a very powerful approach, since these tools can provide you with a lot of information to really drill down.