Trackable managers

In AR Foundation, a "trackable" is anything that can be detected and tracked in the real world. Planes, point clouds, anchors, environment probes, faces, images, and 3D objects are all examples of trackables.

Each trackable has a trackable manager. All the trackable managers must be on the same GameObject as the AR Session Origin. This is because the session origin defines the transform to which all the detected trackables are relative. The trackable managers use the session origin to place the detected trackables in the correct place in the Unity scene graph.

This image shows the session origin with all the trackable managers:

This table summarizes the trackable managers and their trackables.

Trackable Manager	Trackable	Purpose
ARPlaneManager	ARPlane	Detects flat surfaces.
ARPointCloudManager	ARPointCloud	Detects feature points.
ARAnchorManager	ARAnchor	Manages anchors. You can manually add and remove them with ARAnchorManager.AddAnchor and ARAnchorManager.RemoveAnchor.
ARRaycastManager	ARRaycast	Repeats and updates a raycast automatically.
ARTrackedImageManager	ARTrackedImage	Detects and tracks 2D images.
AREnvironmentProbeManager	AREnvironmentProbe	Creates cubemaps that represent the environment.
ARFaceManager	ARFace	Detects and tracks human faces.
ARTrackedObjectManager	ARTrackedObject	Detects 3D objects.
ARParticipantManager	ARParticipant	Tracks other users in a multi-user collaborative session.

Each trackable component stores information about the trackable, but doesn't visualize it. Its manager updates its transform whenever the AR device reports an update.

Enabling and disabling features

Enabling a trackable manager enables that feature. For example, you can toggle plane detection by enabling or disabling the AR Plane Manager. Enabling a particular feature can cause the device to consume more power, so it's best to disable managers when your application isn't using them.

Enumerating trackables

Trackables can be enumerated via their manager with the trackables member. For example:

var planeManager = GetComponent<ARPlaneManager>();
foreach (ARPlane plane in planeManager.trackables)
{
    // Do something with the ARPlane
}

The trackables property returns a TrackableCollection, which can be enumerated in a foreach statement as in the above example. You can also query for a particular trackable with the TryGetTrackable method.

Trackable lifetime

Each trackable can be added, updated, and removed. Each frame, the managers query for the set of changes to their trackables since the previous frame. Each manager has an event to which you can subscribe to be notified of these changes:

Trackable Manager	Event
ARPlaneManager	planesChanged
ARPointCloudManager	pointCloudsChanged
ARAnchorManager	anchorsChanged
ARTrackedImageManager	trackedImagesChanged
AREnvironmentProbeManager	environmentProbesChanged
ARFaceManager	facesChanged
ARTrackedObjectManager	trackedObjectsChanged
ARParticipantManager	participantsChanged

A trackable will always be added before it is updated or removed. Likewise, a trackable can't be removed unless it was added first. Updates depend on the trackable's semantics and the provider-specific implementation.

Adding and removing trackables

Some trackables, like anchors and environment probes, can be added and removed manually. Other trackables, like planes, are automatically detected and removed. Some trackables can be added manually or created automatically. Where supported, the relevant managers provide methods for addtion and removal.

You should never Destroy a trackable component or its GameObject directly. For trackables that support manual removal, their manager provides a method to remove it. For example, to remove an anchor, you need to call RemoveAnchor on the ARAnchorManager.

When you manually add a trackable, the underlying subsystem might not track it immediately. You won't get an added event for that trackable until the subsystem reports that it has been added (typically on the next frame). During the time between manual addition and the added event, the trackable will be in a "pending" state. You can check this with the pending property on every trackable.

For example, if you add an anchor, it will likely be pending until the next frame:

var anchor = AnchorManager.AddAnchor(new Pose(position, rotation));
Debug.Log(anchor.pending); // "true"

// -- next frame --
void OnAnchorsChanged(ARAnchorsChangedEventArgs eventArgs)
{
    foreach (var anchor in eventArgs.added)
    {
        // anchor added above now appears in this list.
    }
}

The exact amount of time a trackable spends in the pending state depends on the underlying implementation.

When a trackable receives a removal notification, its manager Destroys the trackable's GameObject unless destroyOnRemoval is false.

Deactivating existing trackables

Sometimes, you might want to stop performing behavior associated with a trackable without disabling its manager. For example, you might wish to stop rendering detected planes without stopping plane detection.

To do this, deactivate each trackable's GameObject:

var planeManager = GetComponent<ARPlaneManager>();
foreach (var plane in planeManager.trackables)
{
    plane.gameObject.SetActive(false);
}

Controlling a trackable's GameObject

When a new trackable is detected, its manager instantiates a prefab configurable on the manager. The instantiated GameObject must have an ARTrackable component for that type of trackable. If the prefab is null, the system creates a GameObject with only the relevant ARTrackable. If your prefab doesn't have the relevant ARTrackable, the system adds one.

For example, when the plane manager detects a plane, it creates a GameObject using the "Plane Prefab" if specified, or an empty GameObject otherwise, then ensures that the GameObject has an ARPlane component on it.